The third, Kenering dam project (120MW), located further downstream of Bersia was constructed during the same period. Bersia is a concrete gravity dam with four gated spillway bays. The Bersia dam project (72MW) located immediately downstream of Temengor was constructed between 1980 to 1983. The concept of maximum resource utilization in the energy sector was adopted by the country in the 1970вЂ™s and saw the development of more major hydro projects in the Perak and Terengganu river basins.ДЄlong the upper reaches of the Perak river, a cascade of three dam hydropower projects was constructed and the first of these projects was Temengor (348MW), a zoned processed rockfill dam constructed between 1974 to 1978. The major developments are pondage projects with relatively small dams and limited reservoir storages, whilst the smaller ones are all run-of -river projects. The scheme involves small but steep mountain streams where the river flows were diverted via long tunnels. Decades of developmentД®arly initiatives in the 1960вЂ™s to 1980вЂ™sДuring the period up to the 1960вЂ™s, the Cameron Highlands Hydropower Scheme was developed comprising the major Cameron Highlands (105MW) and Batang Padang (154MW) projects. The development of smaller hydropower projects below 30MW is open to private parties and incentivized by the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) mechanism managed by the Government. There have been attempts by private players to participate in the development of major hydropower in Malaysia but with very little success to date. The development of major hydropower projects in Malaysia is generally undertaken by the utility companies such as Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) in Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) in Sarawak while in Sabah by the Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd (SESB).

About 87,000 GWh (70%) of this energy potential is located in Sarawak, 20,000 GWh in Sabah and 16,000 GWh in Peninsular Malaysia. Overall, the total gross hydropower potential documented is about 414,000GWh per year of which about 123,000GWh per year is the technical potential for development. In the mid-1970вЂ™s an inventory survey of hydropower resources of the country was conducted and has since been used as indicative information of available hydropower resources within the country.

The average rainfall is slightly more than 2600mm per year. Malaysia has a total land mass of about 330,000km2 with mean elevation of about 300m. Report by Zainal Abidin Othman, Director and Chairman of SMEC (Malaysia) Sdn Berhad This represents about 17% of total generation capacity (34,200MW) in the country, including gas, solar, coal and other power sources. In the decades that followed, systematic development of the countryвЂ™s natural resources has contributed over 27,300GWh of energy annually from an overall installed capacity of 6240MW. The first major hydropower dam, the Chenderoh Dam (27MW), was constructed in 1930. Malaysia has relatively abundant hydropower resources, albeit unevenly distributed among the different parts of the country, with heavier concentrations in Sabah and Sarawak.

Construction Cost Handbook Malaysia